Table 2 Baseline characteristics of study participants according to quartiles of triglyceride glucose-body mass index

Continuous Variables, mean ± standard deviation

Number

2,334

2,250

2,114

1,912

-

Age (year)

46.89 ± 8.62

46.45 ± 8.16

46.89 ± 8.10

46.75 ± 7.71

< 0.001

BMI (kg/m²)

22.15 ± 2.25

26.23 ± 1.54

28.78 ± 1.75

33.36 ± 3.47

< 0.001

VFA (cm²)

68.97 ± 27.73

108.11 ± 30.01

136.05 ± 34.24

178.97 ± 39.76

< 0.001

PBF

25.10 ± 7.74

32.21 ± 7.05

36.26 ± 7.22

42.01 ± 7.20

< 0.001

WC (cm)

86.65 ± 7.38

95.10 ± 6.16

100.13 ± 6.64

107.78 ± 8.82

< 0.001

FBS (mg/dl)

87.05 ± 8.48

89.37 ± 8.93

91.65 ± 9.88

93.78 ± 10.40

< 0.001

LDL (mg/dl)

104.90 ± 29.97

113.06 ± 30.03

114.91 ± 30.55

116.11 ± 31.01

< 0.001

HDL (mg/dl)

50.49 ± 11.65

46.58 ± 11.17

44.48 ± 10.56

44.12 ± 10.57

< 0.001

TG (mg/dl)

88.35 ± 38.23

119.71 ± 53.74

153.17 ± 78.85

180.10 ± 94.70

< 0.001

TC (mg/dl)

173.04 ± 35.46

183.60 ± 35.72

189.96 ± 35.98

196.12 ± 36.47

< 0.001

TyG index

8.16 ± 0.42

8.49 ± 0.43

8.74 ± 0.47

8.92 ± 0.47

< 0.001

TyG-BMI

102.65 ± 15.69

106.58 ± 15.91

109.32 ± 16.14

112.38 ± 17.84

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

66.99 ± 8.79

68.83 ± 9.40

70.58 ± 9.80

72.32 ± 10.52

< 0.001

Categorical Variables, n (%)

Gender

Male

1334 (31.94)

1178 (28.21)

983 (23.54)

681 (16.31)

< 0.001

Female

1000 (22.55)

1072 (24.18)

1131 (25.51)

1231 (27.76)

Socioeconomic status

1(lowest)

918 (39.33)

711 (31.61)

579 (27.39)

629 (32.91)

< 0.001

2

757 (32.43)

709 (31.53)

735 (34.77)

654 (34.22)

3(Highest)

659 (28.23)

829 (36.86)

800 (37.84)

628 (32.86)

Physical activity (Met/h/day)

Low (24-36.5)

582 (24.94)

618 (27.47)

682 (32.26)

655 (34.26)

< 0.001

Moderate (36.6–44.9)

995 (42.63)

1081 (48.04)

1025 (48.49)

984 (51.46)

Vigorous (≥ 45)

757 (32.43)

551 (24.49)

407 (19.25)

273 (14.28)

Residency

Urban

1156 (22.60)

1336 (26.12)

1371 (26.80)

1252 (24.48)

< 0.001

Rural

1178 (33.71)

914 (26.15)

743 (21.26)

660 (18.88)

Smoking status

Never

1731 (74.55)

1790 (79.95)

1719 (81.66)

1613 (84.72)

< 0.001

Current

402 (17.31)

264 (11.79)

215 (10.21)

140 (7.35)

Former

189 (8.14)

185 (8.26)

171 (8.12)

151 (7.93)

Drinking status

No

2192 (26.78)

2151 (26.28)

2007 (24.52)

1834 (22.41)

0.012

Yes

142 (33.33)

99 (23.24)

107 (25.12)

78 (18.31)

Hypertension

206 (17.98)

253 (22.08)

312 (27.23)

375 (32.72)

< 0.001