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Table 5 Comparison of ketosis in patients with type-2 early-onset diabetes

From: Clinical characteristics of patients with early-onset diabetes mellitus: a single-center retrospective study

Variables

Ketosis group

Nonketosis group

|t/X2|

P

Sex (%)

  

5.510

0.019

male

female

164 (33.4)

37 (7.5)

210 (42.8)

80 (16.3)

  

onset age (year)

29.59 ± 0.40

31.31 ± 0.34

3.593

0.0001

BMI (kg/m2)

27.59 ± 0.39

28.55 ± 0.31

1.960

0.053

Weight (kg)

82.32 ± 1.26

83.62 ± 1.04

0.799

0.425

Height (cm)

171.91 ± 0.56

170.85 ± 0.46

1.466

0.143

Weight loss (%)

  

37.707

0.0001

yes

no

152 (31.0)

49 (10.0)

139 (28.3)

151 (30.8)

  

Smoking status (%)

  

0.754

0.385

yes

no

96 (19.6)

105 (21.4)

127 (25.9)

163 (33.2)

  

DM family history (%)

  

5.056

0.025

yes

no

100 (20.4)

101 (20.6)

174 (35.4)

116 (23.6)

  

FBG (mmol/L)

9.38(6.60,13.45)

8.73(6.4,13.38)

1.400

0.161

HbA1c (%)

10.88 ± 0.20

9.41 ± 0.14

6.160

0.0001

Fatty liver (%)

  

2.213

0.331

yes

no

137 (27.9)

64 (13.0)

210 (42.8)

79 (16.1)

  

Hypertension (%)

  

4.218

0.040

yes

no

45 (6.5)

156 (31.8)

89 (18.1)

200 (40.7)

  

Macrovascular diseases (%)

  

6.212

0.013

yes

no

30 (6.1)

171 (34.8)

70 (14.3)

220 (44.8)

  

DPN (%)

  

2.230

0.135

yes

no

7 (1.4)

194 (39.5)

19 (3.9)

271 (55.2)

  

Microangiopathy (%)

17 (3.5)

40 (8.1)

3.293

0.070

yes

no

184 (37.5)

250 (50.9)

  

SCr (umol/L)

65.80 (56.45,74.15)

66.60 (58.35,76.45)

1.554

0.120

UACR (mg/g)

9.00 (6.00,15.00)

9.00 (5.00,22.00)

0.331

0.740

TG mmol/L)

1.86 (1.18,3.01)

2.01 (1.25,3.12)

0.784

0.433

TC (mmol/L)

4.54 (3.78,5.52)

4.53 (3.89,5.37)

0.475

0.634

HDL-C (mmol/L)

0.86 (0.70,1.01)

0.90 (0.78,1.07)

2.669

0.008

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.89 (2.34,3.42)

2.82 (2.34,3.38)

1.020

0.308

ALT (U/L)

26.70 (13.85,55.95)

30.40 (19.68,52.33)

1.458

0.145

AST (U/L)

17.70 (12.65,33.10)

19.35 (14.65,28.65)

1.324

0.186

GGT (U/L)

27.10 (16.05,56.85)

35.40 (21.38,55.88)

2.223

0.026

UA (umol/L)

353.10 (271.50,444.55)

347.95 (279.40,423.35)

0.321

0.748

  1. BMI: body mass index, HbA1c: Glycosylated Hemoglobin, DPN: Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, SCr: Serum creatinine, TG: Triglyceride, TC: total cholesterol, HDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, UA: Uric Acid, GGT: gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, AST: aspartic transaminase, ALT: alanine aminotransferase, FBG: Fasting Blood-glucose, 2hBG: 2 h blood glucose, UACR: urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio
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