Table 2 Baseline information about the statuses of diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot ulceration (DFU)
Study ID | Interventions | No. of patients | HbA1c% | ABI | DPN% | DFU grade | Site of DFU | DFU size (cm2) | DFU age |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brigido, 2004 [22] | SOC | 20 | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | NA | Mean: 25w |
GraftJacket tissue matrix | 20 | Mean: 27w | |||||||
Driver, 2015 [23] | SOC | 153 | 8.2 ± 1.9 | NA | NA | Wagner 2:116 (75.8%) | Dorsal: 127(83.6%); Plantar: 25(16.5%) | 3.7 ± 2.7 | 303 ± 418d |
SOC + IDRT | 154 | 8.0 ± 1.8 | Wagner 2: 109 (70.8%) | Dorsal: 126(81.8%); Plantar: 28(18.2%) | 3.5 ± 2.5 | 308 ± 491d | |||
Cazzell, 2019 [24] | SOC + ADM allograft | 61 | NA | NA | 42.6% | Wagner 3: 59 (96.7%); Wagner 4: 2 (3.3%) | Ankle: 1(1.6%); Dorsal: 33(54.1%); Plantar: 26(42.6%); Plantar/dorsal: 1(1.6%) | 29.0 ± 21.0 | 3.8 ± 3.4 m |
Zelen, 2016 [25] | SOC | 20 | 7.8 ± 1.8 | NA | NA | NA | Toe: 7(35.0%); Forefoot: 7(35.0%); Midfoot: 2(10.0%); Ankle/hindfoot: 4(20.0%) | 2.7 ± 2.3 | NA |
SOC + human reticular CDM | 20 | 7.9 ± 1.6 | Toe: 6(30.0%); Forefoot: 5(25.0%); Midfoot: 7(35.0%); Ankle/hindfoot: 2(10.0%) | 4.7 ± 5.2 | |||||
Cazzell, 2017 [26] | SOC | 69 | 8.4 ± 1.9 | NA | NA | Wagner 1: 14 (20.3%) Wagner 2: 55 (79.7%) | Dorsal: 15(21.7%); Plantar: 52(75.4%); Other: 2(2.9%) | 3.6 ± 3.6 | 36.4 ± 36.4w |
D-ADM | 71 | 8.5 ± 1.8 | Wagner 1: 12 (16.9%) Wagner 2: 59 (83.1%) | Dorsal: 12(16.9%); Plantar: 56(78.9%); Other: 3(4.2%) | 3.9 ± 4.2 | 40.0 ± 36.4w | |||
GJ-ADM | 28 | 7.6 ± 1.4 | Wagner 1: 5 (17.9%) Wagner 2: 23 (82.1%) | Dorsal: 6(21.4%); Plantar: 21(75.0%); Other: 1(3.6%) | 3.3 ± 2.7 | 36.8 ± 53.6w | |||
Zelen, 2018 [27] | SOC | 40 | 7.8 ± 1.5 | NA | 100% | NA | Toe: 11 (28%); Forefoot: 18 (45%); Midfoot: 8 (20%); Ankle/hindfoot: 3 (7%) | 3.2 ± 4.0 | > = 4w |
SOC + human reticular CDM | 40 | 7.6 ± 1.4 | Toe: 13 (33%); Forefoot: 13 (33%); Midfoot: 6 (15%); Ankle/hindfoot: 8 (20%) | 2.7 ± 2.4 | |||||
Tchanque-Fossuo, 2019 [28] | SOC | 29 | 8.6 ± 1.7 | 1.07 ± 0.14 | NA | NA | Dorsal: 3 (15.8%); Plantar: 15 (79.0%); Lateral: 1 (5.3%) | 1.3 ± 0.9 | 21.7 ± 36.1w |
SOC + cellular Dermagraft | 29 | 7.6 ± 1.5 | 1.22 ± 0.17 | Dorsal: 1 (5.9%); Plantar: 13 (76.5%); Lateral: 2 (11.8%); Medial: 1 (5.9%) | 1.6 ± 1.8 | 37.6 ± 96.1w | |||
SOC + acellular Oasis | 31 | 7.7 ± 1.5 | 1.10 ± 0.12 | Dorsal: 3 (15.8%); Plantar: 15 (79.0%); Lateral: 1 (5.3%) | 3.1 ± 3.8 | 10.9 ± 7.6w | |||
Reyzelman, 2009 [29] | SOC | 39 | 7.6 ± 1.6 | ranging from 0.7 to 1.2 | NA | University of Texas (UT) grade 1 or 2 | Toe: 5(12.8%); Foot: 17(43.6%); Heel: 8(20.5%); Other: 3(7.7%) | 5.1 ± 4.8 | 22.9 ± 29.8w |
ADM | 47 | 8.2 ± 2.0 | Toe: 15(32.6%); Foot: 15(32.6%); Heel: 4(8.7%); Other: 5(10.9%) | 3.6 ± 4.3 | 23.3 ± 22.4w | ||||
Hu, 2016 [30] | SOC + STSG | 26 | 10.2 ± 1.1 | 0.9 ± 0.2 | NA | Wagner grade 2 or 3 | Ankle: 4 (15.4%); Dorsal: 6 (23.1%); Plantar: 7 (26.9%); Forefoot: 5 (19.2%); Heel: 4 (15.4%) | 28.6 ± 25.2 | 25.0 ± 33.9w |
SOC + STSG + human ADM | 26 | 9.8 ± 1.5 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | Ankle: 6 (23.1%); Dorsal: 7 (26.9%); Plantar: 7 (26.9%); Forefoot: 2 (7.7%); Heel: 4 (15.4%) | 32.1 ± 22.2 | 29.4 ± 41.7w | |||
Lantis, 2021 [31] | SOC | 104 | 8.3 ± 1.8 | NA | 59.6% | NA | Dorsal: 24 (23.1%); Plantar: 80 (76.9%) | 3.8 ± 2.8 | 233.1 ± 312.9d |
Graftskin | 103 | 8.1 ± 1.9 | 50.5% | Dorsal: 25 (24.2%); Plantar: 78 (75.8%) | 3.6 ± 2.5 | 263.9 ± 514.5d | |||
Veves, 2001 [32] | SOC (saline-moistened gauze) | 96 | 8.6 ± 1.4 | 0.65–0.80: 10 (10.4%); 0.80–1.00: 29 (30.2%); > 1.00: 54 (56.3%) | 100% | NA | Plantar: 100% | 2.8 ± 2.5 | 11.1 ± 12.5 m |
Graftskin | 112 | 8.6 ± 1.5 | 0.65–0.80: 10 (8.9%); 0.80–1.00: 50 (35.7%); > 1.00: 59 (52.7%) | 3.0 ± 3.1 | 11.5 ± 13.3 m | ||||
Hahn, 2021 [33] | SOC (NPWT) | 15 | 8.2 ± 2.4 | 0.8 ± 0.7 | 50.0% | Wagner grade 2 or higher | Ankle: 2(14.3%); Dorsal: 4 (28.6%); Plantar: 2 (14.3%); Forefoot: 3 (21.4%); Heel: 3 (21.4%) | 13.1 ± 22.2 | 1–3 m: 5; 3-6 m: 7; > 6 m: 2 |
NPWT + micronized dermal matrix | 15 | 7.1 ± 1.8 | 0.7 ± 0.6 | 60.0% | Ankle: 3 (20.0%); Dorsal: 2 (13.3%); Plantar: 3 (20.0%); Forefoot: 4 (26.7%); Heel: 3 (20.0%) | 16.3 ± 10.3 | 1–3 m: 4; 3-6 m: 8; > 6 m: 3 | ||
Cazzell, 2015 [34] | SOC | 41 | NA | NA | 100% | NA | Plantar: 100% | 2.6 ± 7.5 | 22.2 ± 13.5w |
tri-layer porcine SIS | 41 | NA | 2.1 ± 2.3 | 21.3 ± 12.3w | |||||
Brigido, 2006 [35] | SOC (sharp debridement) | 14 | 7.9 ± 0.6 | NA | NA | Wagner grade 2 | Plantar: 4(28.6%); Dorsal: 3(21.4%); Medial: 2(14.3%); Lateral: 3(21.4%); Other: 2(14.3%) | NA | NA |
SOC + Graftjacket tissue matrix | 14 | 8.1 ± 1.0 | Plantar: 5(35.7%); Dorsal: 3(21.4%); Medial: 5(35.7%); Other: 1(7.1%) | ||||||
Campitiello, 2017 [36] | SOC (wet dressing) | 23 | 7.8 ± 0.8 | Right: 0.94 ± 0.1; Left: 0.93 ± 0.1 | NA | Wagner grade 3 | Abscesses foot: 16 (69.6%); Heel: 2 (8.7%); Metatarsal head: 5 (21.7%) | NA | 39.5 ± 9.9w |
Integra Flowable Wound Matrix | 23 | 7.9 ± 0.8 | Right: 0.92 ± 0.1 Left: 0.92 ± 0.1 | Abscesses foot: 18 (78.3%); Heel: 1 (4.4%); Metatarsal head: 4 (17.4%) | 38.56 ± 12.6w |